Pathologists work in laboratories predominately in large public or private practices, or in public and private hospitals. They are exposed to most aspects of medical practice however may not be directly involved in patient care. Pathology is very much a team effort with pathologists working very closely with scientists, laboratory technicians and other medical specialists.

Pathologists in the health and medical life sciences sector examine tissues, blood and other body fluids to diagnose disease, guide treatment and support medical research. They oversee laboratory testing to ensure accuracy, interpret results for clinicians, and contribute to patient care by identifying conditions such as cancer, infectious diseases and genetic disorders. Pathologists may also specialise in areas such as clinical, chemical, genomics and forensic pathology. Many pathologists in Western Australia are also involved in overseeing clinical trials, with PathWest (the State’s public pathology provider) managing around 700 active clinical trials and driving translational research in genomics, diagnostics, and infectious disease surveillance.

In general, all disciplines of pathology provide a good work/life balance with the option of part time work and flexible working hours. Working conditions are usually comfortable however pathologists may sometimes deal with unpleasant conditions due to a patient's infection or illness. Maintaining strict hygiene practices is important.

Pathologists are employed across a wide range of settings including clinical laboratories, pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies and contract research organisations (CROs), medical research institutes and universities. They use tools for viewing, cutting, embedding and sectioning and aspirating specimens to diagnose diseases or for testing the effectiveness of drug products. 

Overall laboratories are highly technical workspaces with elaborate instruments and computer technologies which need to be managed by the pathologist. They often work with hazardous chemicals and biological matter which will require them to wear protective clothing.