Train drivers work mostly inside the cabins of trains, which can be driven at up to approximately 100 kilometres per hour. The driver's cab is generally a confined space and can also be noisy. Train drivers usually work in shifts, which may include weekends, public holidays, early mornings and late nights. Some train drivers may also be required to work long shifts travelling across remote locations, and may sometimes be required to stay away from home for various periods. They drive in most weather conditions.

Train drivers drive diesel, electric or diesel-electric trains. They often use two-way radios to communicate with other railway staff. They often deal with the couplings that link wagons together, and may be required to use some tools in the case of breakdowns and other emergencies. They are usually required to wear a uniform, which may incorporate some protective clothing such as earmuffs.